How Youths Are Redefining Black Tax: A Shift from Obligation to Boundaries
The term “Black tax” has its roots in South Africa and has made its way into discussions in other African nations, like Kenya. It refers to the financial pressure that Black professionals often feel to support their extended families. But this idea goes much deeper than just money; it’s tied to a history of economic inequality, systemic exclusion, and cultural expectations.
In Kenya, the notion of Black tax is significant, as those who are financially secure often take on the responsibility of supporting their extended family. This practice is deeply embedded in the historical context of economic disparities and cultural norms, making Black tax feel like both an obligation and a heavy load to carry.
Black tax is still a reality for many Kenyans, but the way it’s being approached is evolving. Millennials often see it as a lifelong obligation, while Gen Z is advocating for clearer financial boundaries and a focus on sustainability. As the economy changes and generational perspectives shift, Millennials and Gen Z are tackling this responsibility in their own unique ways.
Millennials generally view Black tax as something they have to accept, whereas Gen Z is working to redefine its limits, prioritizing financial independence and sustainability. For many years, Black tax has been a part of life in Kenyan families. Parents have made significant sacrifices to educate their children, with the hope that those children will eventually help lift the family financially. The concept of harambee, or pulling together, has strengthened this communal duty, making it almost unthinkable to deny financial support to relatives in need.
“I grew up knowing that once I got a job, I would have to help out my younger siblings and contribute to household expenses. That is how it has been for the longest time, seen that with the different generation,” says Joan Njeri, 25, a Nairobi-based graphic designer.
As Kenya’s economy continues to change, so too do the perspectives and approaches of younger generations towards financial responsibilities. Millennials grew up in homes where making financial sacrifices was just part of life. For many, the concept of Black tax is simply a reality they accept, often making long-term financial adjustments to accommodate it. To them, supporting their families is a duty they embrace, not just a choice.
On the other hand, Gen Z is much more outspoken about challenging these expectations. With a strong focus on achieving financial independence, investing in themselves, and building wealth, they tend to prioritize their personal growth over family obligations. Many are inclined to set clear financial boundaries, opting to assist their families in ways that don’t hinder their own aspirations.
Omondi Ouma, 27, shared that he’s observed how his family members deal with Black tax, and he firmly believes that establishing boundaries is crucial.
“My older cousins just accept Black tax as part of life. But for me, I feel like setting limits is necessary. You can help family, but it shouldn’t come at the cost of your own peace,” he added.
Millennials stepped into the workforce during a time when traditional jobs, especially in government and corporate sectors, were relatively stable. They enjoyed job security and a clear path for career advancement, which made it easier for them to manage the financial responsibilities of Black tax without too much stress.
On the flip side, Gen Z is facing a much more unpredictable job market filled with gig work, short-term contracts, and freelancing opportunities. With high youth unemployment rates in Kenya and the rising cost of living, many Gen Z workers struggle to juggle Black tax alongside their own financial stability. They tend to resist financial obligations that might hold them back.
Thanks to traditional financial tools like SACCOs, employer pension plans, and structured savings, millennials have found ways to cope with Black tax. They often turn to cooperative investments and land-buying groups to build wealth for future generations.
In contrast, Gen Z is embracing digital banking and investment platforms. With mobile money at their fingertips and access to alternative investment options, they’re taking a fresh approach to building wealth. They’re also more focused on side hustles and passive income streams to avoid relying on just one job.
While the concept of Black tax is rooted in love and a sense of duty, it often brings along a heavy emotional and mental load. Many young Kenyans find themselves grappling with financial stress, feelings of guilt, and even burnout as they try to juggle their own aspirations with the expectations of their families.
In the African context, it’s common for family members—whether they’re part of your immediate family or extended relatives—to feel a sense of entitlement, expecting you to cover expenses like school fees for their children or send money whenever you can. Don’t get me wrong; helping out is a wonderful thing, but it’s also perfectly fine if you’re not in a position to do so.
Remember, you shouldn’t feel obligated to please your family at the cost of your own financial and emotional well-being. It can become overwhelming, and it’s completely okay to set boundaries. You can say no to their expectations while still offering what you can.
“There is a lot of guilt if you say no, especially when family reminds you of their sacrifices. But I’ve realized I need to take care of myself too,” says Esther Musyoka, 24.
Social pressure definitely has its impact. In many communities, not pitching in financially can come off as selfish, which can really strain relationships. The emotional weight of this can be quite heavy, especially for those who feel they must support family members but don’t see a way out.
As financial literacy improves and the economic landscape shifts, the concept of Black tax is changing too. More young Kenyans are focusing on sustainable support systems, like group investments, planning finances for their parents, and starting entrepreneurial projects for long-term stability.
While Gen Z’s approach might not completely erase Black tax, it’s transforming it into a model that promotes shared responsibility instead of total financial dependence. This change could be crucial in helping future generations achieve financial success without being hindered by cultural expectations.
How Youths Are Redefining Black Tax: A Shift from Obligation to Boundaries
